The recent discussions about the “reality” of various modern psychopathologies (at the listservs hosted by Cheiron and the Society for the History of Psychology) — and especially the latest post at AHP about schizophrenia — raised questions regarding what it is that we’re trying to diagnose. Normally, this is where I would suggest that we could turn to history as a way of simplifying the problem.

As it turns out, however, there is a huge number of histories of schizophrenia. The following can therefore be considered “Part 1” of a much larger resource.

Schizophrenia bibliography (2000-present).

• Alamo, C., López-Muñoz, F., Bhatara, V., & Cuenca, E. (2004). La contribución de la reserpina al desarrollo de la psiquiatría y su papel en la investigación neurobiológica. / The reserpine contribution to the development of psychiatry and its role in the neurobiological research. Revista de Psiquiatría de la Facultad de Medicina de Barcelona, 31(3), 130-139.
• Angst, J. (2002). Historical aspects of the dichotomy between manic-depressive disorders and schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 57(1), 5-14.
• Baumeister, A. A. (2000). The Tulane electrical brain stimulation program: A historical case study in medical ethics. Journal of the History of the Neurosciences, 9(3), 262-278.
• Baumeister, A. A. & Francis, J. L. (2002). Historical development of the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia. Journal of the History of the Neurosciences, 11(3), 265-277.
• Bech, P. (2006). The Full Story of Lithium. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 75(5), 265-269.
• Berrios, G. E., Luque, R., & Villagrán, J. M. (2003). Schizophrenia: A conceptual history. International Journal of Psychology & Psychological Therapy, 3(2), 111-140.
• Bresch, D. (2004). Problems and Questions in the Dual Diagnosis of Schizophrenia and Intellectual Disability. Mental Health Aspects of Developmental Disabilities, 7(3), 81-90.
• Cancro, R. (2003). The schizophrenic disorders. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 16(Suppl 2), s3-s7.
• Collins, A. (2002). James Joyce and a North Dublin asylum. Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine, 19(1), 27-28.
• Crilly, J. (2007). The history of clozapine and its emergence in the US market: A review and analysis. History of Psychiatry, 18(1), 39-60.
• Fink, M. (2003). A Beautiful Mind and insulin coma: Social constraints on psychiatric diagnosis and treatment. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 11(5), 284-290.
• Gordon, F. (2006). French psychiatry and the new woman: The case of Dr Constance Pascal, 1877-1937. History of Psychiatry, 17(2), 159-182.
• Gozzetti, G. (2004). Commento Psicopatologico al caso Fiacca. / The case study “Fiacca” : A psychopathological survey. Rivista Sperimentale di Freniatria: La Rivista della Salute Mentale, 128(1), 123-143.
• Heinrichs, R. W. (2003). Historical Origins of Schizophrenia: Two Early Madmen and Their Illness. Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, 39(4), 349-363.
• Hinterhuber, H. (2005). Theorien zur Ätiologie in den verschiedenen historischen Schizophreniekonzepten. / Etiopathogenetic Theories in Historical Concepts of Schizophrenia. Fortschritte der Neurologie, Psychiatrie, 73(s1), s3-s8.
• Hoff, P. (2006). Delusion in General and Forensic Psychiatry–Historical and Contemporary Aspects. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 24(3), 241-255.
• Ion, R. M. & Beer, M. D. (2002). The British reaction to dementia praecox 1893-1913. Part 1. History of Psychiatry, 13(51, Pt 3), 285-304.
• Ion, R. M. & Beer, M. D. (2002). The British reaction to dementia praecox 1893-1913. Part 2. History of Psychiatry, 13(52, Pt 4), 419-431.
• Jablensky, A. (2000). Epidemiology of schizophrenia: The global burden of disease and disability. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 250(6), 274-285.
• Kaneda, Y., Ohmori, T., & Imakura, A. (2004). The Japanese version of the Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale (JSQLS). Seishin Igaku (Clinical Psychiatry), 46(7), 737-739.
• Kapur, S. & Mamo, D. (2003). Half a century of antipsychotics and still a central role for dopamine D-sub-2 receptors. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 27(7), 1081-1090.
• Katschnig, H. (2001). Stigmarelevante historische wurzeln des schizophreniekonzepts in Kraepelins, Bleulers und Schneiders werk. Psychiatria Danubina, 13(Suppl 1), 5-16.
• King, C. & Voruganti, L. N. P. (2002). What’s in a name? The evolution of the nomenclature of antipsychotic drugs. Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience, 27(3), 168-175.
• Kohen, D. (2004). Diabetes mellitus and schizophrenia: Historical perspective. British Journal of Psychiatry, 184(Suppl 47), s64-s66.
• Korolenko, C. P. & Kensin, D. V. (2002). Reflections on the past and present state of Russian psychiatry. Anthropology & Medicine, 9(1), 51-64.
• Kuhn, P. (2000). A scandal in Salzburg or Freud’s surreptitious role in the 1908 Abraham-Jung dispute. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 81(4), 705-731.
• Kuhn, R. & Cahn, C. H. (2004). Eugen Bleuler’s concepts of psychopathology. History of Psychiatry, 15(59, Pt3), 361-366.
• Kyziridis, T. C. (2005). Notes on the History of Schizophrenia. German Journal of Psychiatry, 8(3), 42-48.
• Livianos-Aldana, L., Rey-González, A., Jordá-Moscardó, E., Bertolín-Guillen, J. M., Estalrich-Canet, J., & Navarro-Pérez, J. (2001). Inmates of the mid nineteenth-century Valencian asylum ‘Hospital dels Ignoscents, Folls e Orats.’ Is their illness diagnosable?. History of Psychiatry, 12(48, Pt4), 387-404.
• López-Muñoz, F., Alamo, C., Rubio, G., & Cuenca, E. (2004). Half a century since the clinical introduction of chlorpromazine and the birth of modern psychopharmacology. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 28(1), 205-208.
• Lucas, R. (2003). The relationship between psychoanalysis and schizophrenia. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 84(1), 3-9.
• Lyons, V. & Fitzgerald, M. (2004). The case of Robert Walser (1878-1956). Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine, 21(4), 138-142.
• Maggini, C., Salvatore, P., Gerhard, A., & Migone, P. (2000). Psychopathology of stable and unstable mixed states: A historical view. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 41(2), 77-82.
• Martínez, D. R. (2004). La esquizofrenia en debate. De la psiquiatría al psicoanálisis en la primera mitad del siglo XX. / Polemizing on Schizophrenia. From psychiatry to psychoanalysis in the first half of the XXth century. Acta Psiquiátrica y Psicológica de America Latina, 50(2), 141-166.
• Martínez, D. R. (2005). Breve historia de la psicosis de la motilidad. / Brief history of motility psychosis. Acta Psiquiátrica y Psicológica de America Latina, 51(1), 59-65.
• Meehl, P. E. (2004). Paul E. Meehl (1920-2003). American Psychologist, 59(6), 557-558.
• Möller, A. & Hell, D. (2002). Eugen Bleuler and forensic psychiatry. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 25(4), 351-360.
• Müller, J. L. (2000). Oskar Panizza: Psychiatrist, antipsychiatrist, patient. The man behind Emil Kraepelin’s case report on ‘paraphrenias.’. International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 4(4), 335-338.
• Musalek, M. (2005). Die unterschiedliche Herkunft von Schizophrenien und ihre philosophischen Grundlagen. / The History of Schizophrenias: Philosophical Roots. Fortschritte der Neurologie, Psychiatrie, 73(s1), s16-s24.
• Neilsen, J. (2005). En historik – om formelle tankeforstyrrelser og det skizofrene spektrum. / A historics – on formal thought disorder and schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Nordisk Psykologi, 57(3), 229-249.
• Nishizono, M. (2003). Contemporary Concept of Schizophrenia Seen from Historical Transition of Psychosocial Treatment. Seishin Igaku (Clinical Psychiatry), 45(6), 605-611.
• Noll, R. (2004). The American reaction to dementia praecox, 1900. History of Psychiatry, 15(57, Pt1), 127-128.
• Noll, R. (2004). Dementia praecox studies. Schizophrenia Research, 68(1), 103-104.
• Noll, R. (2006). Infectious insanities, surgical solutions: Bayard Taylor Holmes, dementia praecox and laboratory science in early 20th-century America. Part 1. History of Psychiatry, 17(2), 183-204.
• Noll, R. (2006). The blood of the insane. History of Psychiatry, 17(4), 395-418.
• Peralta, V. & Cuesta, M. J. (2003). The diagnosis of schizophrenia: Old wine in new bottles. International Journal of Psychology & Psychological Therapy, 3(2), 141-152.
• Peters, U. H. (2006). Hommage an Kraepelin zu seinem 150. Geburtstag-Zerfahrenheit: Kraepelins spezifisches Symptom für Schizophrenie. / Homage to Kraepelin, Honouring his 150th Birthday-“Zerrahrenheit”, Kraepelin’s Specific Symptom for Schizophrenia. Fortschritte der Neurologie, Psychiatrie, 74(11), 656-664.
• Ploog, D. W. (2002). Klaus Conrad (1905-1961). History of Psychiatry, 13(51, Pt 3), 339-357.
• Remington, G. (2003). Understanding antipsychotic “atypicality”: A clinical and pharmacological moving target. Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience, 28(4), 275-284.
• Sarró, S. (2005). En defensa de la parafrenia. / In defence of paraphrenia. Revista de Psiquiatría de la Facultad de Medicina de Barcelona, 32(1), 24-29.
• Scharfetter, C. (2001). Eugen Bleuler’s schizophrenias–synthesis of various concepts. Schweizer Archiv für Neurologie und Psychiatrie, 152(1), 34-37.
• Schoenholtz, J. C. (2005). Origin of the Term “Schizophrenia”. American Journal of Psychiatry, 162(7), 1393.
• Seeman, M. v. (2006). Forty-five years of schizophrenia: Personal reflections. History of Psychiatry, 17(3), 363-373.
• Stompe, T., Ortwein-Swoboda, G., Ritter, K., & Schanda, H. (2003). Old wine in new bottles? Stability and plasticity of the contents of schizophrenic delusions. Psychopathology, 36(1), 6-12.
• Stone, J. L. (2001). Dr. Gottlieb Burckhardt: The pioneer of psychosurgery. Journal of the History of the Neurosciences, 10(1), 79-92.
• Telfener, U. (2002). Le mille vite di Jay Haley: Un percorso polifonico. / The thousand lives of Jay Haley: A polyphonic route. Terapia Familiare, 68, 103-114.
• Toru, M. (2004). Creativity in the Development of the Drug, Aripiprazle: A novel partial dopamine D-sub-2 receptors agonist for the treatment of schizophrenia. Seishin Igaku (Clinical Psychiatry), 46(8), 855-864.
• Tsuang, M. T., Stone, W. S., & Faraone, S. W. (2000). Toward reformulating the diagnosis of schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157(7), 1041-1050.
• Viallard, A. (2002). Bleuler croyait-il à des schizophrénies aiguës?. / Did Bleuler believe in acute schizophrenias?. Confrontations Psychiatriques, 43, 51-64.
• Villagrán, J. M. (2003). Consciousness disorders in schizophrenia: A forgotten land for psychopathology. International Journal of Psychology & Psychological Therapy, 3(2), 209-234.
• Wilmanns, K., Kraam, A., & Berrios, G. E. (2002). Ewald Hecker (1843-1909). History of Psychiatry, 13(52, Pt 4), 455-465.
• Wilschut, J. (2005). Van dementia praecox naar schizofrenie. Over de receptie van Kraepelins en Bleulers concepten in Nederland. / From dementia praecox to schizophrenia. The reception of the concepts of Kraepelin and Bleuler in the psychiatric literature in the Netherlands from 1900 to 1937. Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie, 47(12), 827-836.
• Yamamoto, Y. & Niwa, S. (2003). ICF (International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health) and Schizophrenia. Seishin Igaku (Clinical Psychiatry), 45(11), 1167-1174.
• Yip, K.-S. (2002). Sullivan’s approach to inner psychotic experiences: A case illustration. Clinical Social Work Journal, 30(3), 245-263.

See also:

• Ban, T. A. (2001). Pharmacotherapy of mental illness–A historical analysis. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 25(4), 709-727.
• Cowan, W. M., Harter, D. H., & Kandel, E. R. (2000). The emergence of modern neuroscience: Some implications for neurology and psychiatry. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 23, 343-391.
• Ginestet, D. (2002). L’essor de la psychopharmacologie et son impact sur la psychiatrie. / The development of psychopharmacology and its impact on psychiatry. Annales Médico-Psychologiques, 160(10), 767-771.
• Haustgen, T. & Bourgeois, M.-L. (2002). Cinquante ans d’histoire des psychoses à la Société médico-psychologique (1852-1902). / Half a century of psychosis’ history at the Medical-Psychological Society (1852-1902). Annales Médico-Psychologiques, 160(10), 730-738.
• Iversen, S. D. & Iversen, L. L. (2007). Dopamine: 50 years in perspective. Trends in Neurosciences, 30(5), 188-193.
• Korsbek, L. (2004). Narrativitet, recovery og Evidens. / Narrativity, recovery and evidence. Psyke & Logos, 25(2), 821-838.
• Kraam, A. & Hecker, E. (2004). On the origin of the clinical standpoint in psychiatry. History of Psychiatry, 15(59, Pt3), 345-348.
• Lantéri-Laura, G. (2003). Évolution du champ de la psychiatrie moderne: Frontières et contenu. / Development in the field of modern psychiatry: Its frontiers and content. L’Évolution Psychiatrique, 68(1), 27-38.
• Signer, R. & Müller, C. (2005). Was liest ein Psychiater zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts? Die Fachlektüre Hermann Rorschachs im Kontext seiner psychiatrischen und wissenschaftlichen Tätigkeit. / What does a psychiatrist read at the beginning of the 20th century? Hermann Rorschach’s scientific reading in the context of his professional practice and scientific activity. Schweizer Archiv für Neurologie und Psychiatrie, 156(6), 279-284.

-JTB.